Case Report: A Rare Case of Scabies Balanitis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v45i2.25Keywords:
Scabies, Scabietic balanitis, Pruritus, Genital papules, NigeriaAbstract
This report explored cases of scabies balanitis involving the glans penis in five men. All the patients complained of genital itching with an associated rash on the penis. Examination revealed an erythematous papular rash on the glans penis in three of the men, while two of them had an erythematous, firm, nodular rash on the glans penis. Scabies balanitis was diagnosed in all cases. The treatment included topical benzyl benzoate (25%) and antihistamines. The lesions resolved after a single application of benzyl benzoate in all cases, except for one patient who had repeated applications of benzyl benzoate (25%) before symptom resolution. The main predisposing factors were unprotected heterosexual intercourse and poor hygiene practices.
References
Hay, R., Steer, A., Engelman, D., & Walton, S. (2012). Scabies in the developing world- its prevalence, complications and management. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 18(4): 313–323. doi: 10.1111/j.1469- 0691.2012.03798.x
Micali, G., Lacarrubba, F., Verzi, A., Chsidow, O., & Schwartz, R. A. (2016). Scabies: Advances in Noninvasive Diagnosis. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 10(6): e0004691. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004691
Sánchez-Borges, M., González-Aveledo, L., Capriles-Hulett, A., & Caballero-Fonseca, F. (2018). Scabies, crusted (Norwegian) scabies and the diagnosis of mite sensitisation. Allergologia Et Immunopathologia, 46(3): 276–280. doi:10.1016/j.aller.2017.05.006
Cassell, J. A., Middleton, J., Nalabanda, A., Lanza, S., Head, M. G., Bostock, J., Hewitt, K., Jones, C. I., Darley, C., Karir, S., & Walker, S. L. (2018). Scabies outbreaks in ten care homes for elderly people: A prospective study of clinical features, epidemiology, and treatment outcomes. The Lancet. Infectious Diseases, 18(8): 894–902. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30347-5
Engelman, D., Fuller, L. C., Steer,A. C., & InternationalAlliance for the Control of Scabies Delphi panel (2018). Consensus criteria for the diagnosis of scabies: A Delphi study of international experts. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 12(5), e0006549. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006549
Waugh, M.A. (1998). Balanitis. Dermatologic Clinics, 16(4): 757–762. doi:10.1016/S0733-8635(05)70042-5
Matthewman, J., Manego, R. Z., Mbadinga, L. B. D., Šinkovec, H., Völker, K.,Akinosho, M., Haedrich C., d’Hamonville, J. T., Lell, B., Adegnika, A. A., Ramharter, M., & Mombo-Ngoma, G. (2020). A randomized controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of individual versus household treatment for Scabies in Lambaréné, Gabon. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 14(6): e0008423. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008423
Saraswat, P. K., Garg, A., Mishra, D., & Garg, S. (2014). A study of pattern of nonvenereal genital dermatoses of male attending skin OPD at a tertiary care centre. Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases andAIDS, 35(2): 129–134. doi:10.4103/0253-7184.142408
Tai, D. B. G., Saleh, O. A., & Miest, R. (2020). Genital nodular scabies. IDCases, 22: e00947. doi:10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00947
Suh, K. S., Han, S. H., Lee, K. H., Park, J. B., Jung, S. M., Kim, S. T., & Jang, M. S. (2014). Mites and burrows are frequently found in nodular scabies by dermoscopy and histopathology. Journal of American Academy of Dermatology, 71(5), 1022–1023. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2014.06.028
Daye, M., Temiz, S. A., & Kılınç, F. (2020). A case of nodular scabies with atypical course. Dermatologic Therapy, 33(3). doi:10.1111/dth.13317
Chosidow, O. (2006). Scabies. New England Journal of Medicine, 354(16): 1718–1727. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp052784
Burkhart, C. G., Burkhart, C. N., & Burkhart, K. M. (2000). An Epidemiologic and Therapeutic Reassessment of Scabies. Cutis, 65(4), 233–240.
Gopinath, H., & Karthikeyan, K. (2020). Genital scabies: Haven of an unwelcome guest. India Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS, 41(1): 10–16. doi:10.4103/ijstd.IJSTD_69_17
Akolawole, M., Ayosanmi, O. S., Akafa, A., Njoku, C., Adewuyi, A., & Alaga, A. (2022). Genital Scabies with Granulomatous Dermatitis: A Case Report. International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology, 10.1097/JD9.0000000000000239. doi:10.1097/JD9.0000000000000239
Salavastru, C. M., Chosidow, O., Boffa, M. J., Janier, M., & Tiplica, G. S. (2017). European guideline for the management of scabies. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 31(8): 1248–1253. doi:10.1111/jdv.14351
Richert, B. (2003). Parasitic infections of the nails. Dermatology Online Journal, 9(1). doi:10.5070/D33xx05089
Hicks, M. I., & Elston, D. (2009). Scabies. Dermatologic Therapy, 22(4): 279–292. doi:10.1111/j.1529-8019.2009.01243.x
Thompson, M. J., Engelman, D., Gholam, K., Fuller, L. C., & Steer,A. C. (2017). Systematic review of the diagnosis of scabies in therapeutic trials. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, 42(5): 481–487. doi:10.1111/ced.13152
Ramakrishnan, R., Narasimhan, M., & Donald Fernandes, S. (2017). Profile of sexually transmitted infections among males in a South Indian suburban tertiary care teaching hospital: A one year retrospective study. International Journal of Research in Dermatology, 3(2): 187. doi:10.18203/issn.2455-4529. IntJResDermatol20170982
Alamalmi, M. A. Q., & Blada, M. B. R. (2021). Balanitis due to bad hygiene in Yemeni Men’s. Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Clinical Study, 5(3). doi:10.61148/2766-8614/JCCRCS/091
Yazdanpanah, M. J., Ahmadnia, H., Livani, F., Shargi, M. R., Vosoughi, E., Rahmani, S., & Shakeri, M. T. (2016). Genital dermatoses in circumcised men: A cross-sectional study from Mashhad, Iran. 19(4): 131–135.
Okpala, C., Ezejiofor, O.,Anaje, C., Enechukwu, N., Echezona, D.-F., & Umenzekwe, C. (2023). Clinical Profile of Scabies: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Southeastern Nigerian Hospital. Tropical Journal of Medical Research, 22(1):Article 1. doi:10.5281/zenodo.8361431
Emeka N. K. (2021). Prevalence of scabies among secondary school students in Anambra State, Nigeria. World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 8(1): 001–007. doi:10.30574/wjbphs.2021.8.1.0091
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Nigerian Journal of Parasitology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.