Molecular Detection of Trypanosoma species in Cattle Slaughtered at Zango and Yantukwane Abattoirs in Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
https://doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v41i2.7
Keywords:
infection, breed, Sokoto Gudali, White Fulani, TrypanosomosisAbstract
African animal trypanosomoses constitute the most important vector-borne cattle diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa. A total of 170 blood samples were collected from cattle in Zango abattoir and Yantukwane abattoir in Zaria, Kaduna State. Blood Samples collected were examined for the presence of trypanosomes using the buffy coat technique and Giemsa thin blood smears which shows a single 1(0.58%; 1/170) infection using microscope. Positive and negative samples were subjected to further analysis using nested PCR reaction with nested primers for detection of trypanosomes, and 9 of the samples showed positive bands after gel electrophoresis at 998bp (lane 1-9) indicating the presence of Trypanosoma theileri. Percentage, Chisquare and Odds ratio were used to analyse the data.Atotal of 9(5.29%; 9/170) animals were found infected with the parasite out of which 4(4.65%; 4/85) were found in Zango abattoir, while 5 (5.95%) were found in Yantukwane abattoir. The results were not statistically (P>0.05) location dependent. The infection in male (6.45%) cattle was higher than the female (4.63%) with no infection in young animals. No infection was observed in Sokoto Gudali breed, while White Fulani breed had 5.77%. From this study, it is clear that trypanosomosis is still a major obstacle to livestock production in Zaria and its Environs and the incidence is majorly in adult cattle. In addition, nested PCR reaction showed more sensitivity than microscopy. Hence, there is need for proper diagnosis and treatment of animals to promote more beef and milk production for human consumption. Further study is necessary to determine the pathogenicity of T. theileri in other domestic animals.
References
Sambo, F., Yakubu, S.E., Ado S.A. 2017. Diagnosis of Trypanosoma brucei In Cattle From Three Selected Abattoirs And Three Farms In
Kaduna State. Research Journal of Life Sciences, Bioinformatics, Pharmaceutical and Chemical ciences, 2(5), 177.
Samdi, S.M., Fajinmi,A.O., Kalejaye, J.O., Wayo, B., Haruna,M.K., Yarnap, J.E., Mshelia,W.P., Usman,A.O., Hamra, S.M., Jijitar, A., Ogunwole, R., Ovbagbedia, R.P. and Bizi, R. 2011. Prevalence of Trypanosomosis in Cattle at Slaughter in Kaduna Central Abattoir.Asian Journal ofAnimal Sciences, 5(2), 162-165.
Dabo, N.T. 2017. Soft Option for Effective Diagnosis ofAfricanAnimal Trypanosomiasis:A Review. International Journal of Medical Evaluation and Physical Report, 2(2), 1-9.
Mbaya, A., Kumshe, H. and Nwosu, C.O. 2012. The mechanism of anaemia in Trypanosomosis: A Review Anaemia, Dr. Donald Silverberg(ed), in Tech. http://www.intechopen.com/books/anemia/the-mechanisms-of anemia in trypanosomosis.
World Health Organization. 2012. African Trypanasomiasis(sleeping sickness). Fact sheet.
Osho, I.B, Ogunsusi, J. D., and Ogbedengbe, J.D. 2002. Sero-prevalence of trypanosomiasis of small ruminants in Ondo and Ekiti states of
Nigeria. Proceedings of 27thAnnual Conference, Akure, Nigeria: Nigeria Society for Animal Production, p. 54–56.
Fernandez, P. C., Baticados A.M., and Baticados W.N. 2010. Parasitological examination for Trypanosoma theileri infection of cattle from
Quirino Province, Philipines. Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports, 1, 3-6.
Hoare, C.A. 1972. The Trypanasome of mammals. BlackwellScientific Publications, 768.
Kogi, E. 2015. A Proposed Modification to the Formula for Determination of Sample Size in Prevalence Studies. A paper presented at the 39th Annual Conference of the Parasitology and Public Health Society of Nigeria held at the Federal University, Lafia, Nasarawa State,
Nigeria on 2nd to 5th September, 2015.
Villa, A., Gutierrez, C., Gracia, E., Moreno, B., Chacon, G., Sanz, P.V., Buscher, P., and Touratier, L. 2008. Presence of Trypanosoma theileri in
Spanish Cattle. Annals of the New York Academic of Sciences, 1149, 352-354.
Balyeidhusa A. S. P., Kironde, F. A. S., and Enyaru, J. C. K. 2012. Apparent lack of a domestic animal reservoir in Gambiense sleeping
sickness in northwest Uganda. Veterinary Parasitology, 187(1-2), 157–67.
Nakayima J., Nakao R., Alhassan A., Mahama, C., Afakye, K., and Sugimoto, C. 2012. Molecular epidemiological studies on animal
trypanosomiases in Ghana. Parasites and Vectors, 5, 217.
Clausen P.H., Wiemann A., Patzelt, R., Kakaire, D., Poetzsch, C., Peregrine,A., Mehlitz, D. 1998. Use of a PCR assay for the specific and sensitive detection of Trypanosoma spp. in naturally infected dairy cattle in peri-urban Kampala, Uganda. Annales New York Academy of Science, 849, 21-31.
Masiga, D.K., Smyth, A.J., Hayes, P., Bromidge, T.J., Gibson, W.C. 1992. Sensitive detection of trypanosomes in tsetse flies by DNA
amplification. International Journal of Parasitology, 22, 909-918.
Mugittu, K.N, Silayo, R.S., Majiwa, P.A., Kimbita, E.K., Mutayoba, B.M. and Maselle, R. 2001.Application of PCR and DNAprobes in the
Characterisation of trypanosomes in the Blood of Cattle in farms in Morogoro, Tanzania. Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 94(2), 177-189.
Qadeer, M.A., Akogun, O.B., Gundiri, M.A. and Dede, P. 2009. Epidemiological studies of bovine trypanosomiasis in Adamawa slaughter houses. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual congress of the Parasitology and Public Health Society of Nigeria, November 2009.
Nhamitambo, N.L., Kimera, S.S.I. and Gwakisa, P.S. 2017. Molecular Identification of Trypanasome Species in Cattle of the Mikumi
Human/livestock/wildlife interface Areas, Tanzania. Journal of infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, 3(2),1-10.
Muktar, Y., Asmelash, M. and Mekonnen, N. 2016. Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of bovine Trypanosomosis in Benatsemay District, South Omo Zone, Ethiopia. Liverstock Research for Social Development, 28(12), 1-10.
Kouadio, I.K., Didier-Sokouri, D., Koffi, M., Konaté, I., Ahouty, B., Koffi, A., N’Guetta, S.P. 2014.Molecular Characterization and Prevalence
of Trypanosoma Species in Cattle from a Northern Livestock Area in Côte d’Ivoire. Open Journals of Veterinary Medicine, 4(12), 314-321
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Nigerian Journal of Parasitology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.